Test Weight

Test weight measures the density of grain by weighing a specific volume, typically reported in pounds per bushel. It is one of the primary grading factors used at grain elevators and directly affects the price a farmer receives. Higher test weights generally indicate better grain quality, drier kernels, and more efficient storage. For example, the USDA standard test weight for No. 1 yellow corn is 56 lb/bu, but stress during the growing season can lower actual test weight. Discounts (dockage) are applied when delivered grain falls below the standard test weight for its grade.